📘 Public Administration – Paper I
Page–3: Administrative Thinkers
Previous Year Questions & Model Answers
Prepared for UPSC Mains by Shaktimatha Learning
Q1. “Scientific Management is a philosophy of efficiency rather than humanity.” Discuss with reference to F.W. Taylor.
Answer Framework:
- F.W. Taylor – Father of Scientific Management
- Core ideas: time & motion study, standardisation, efficiency
- Contribution to productivity and administrative control
- Criticism: mechanical view, neglect of human and social factors
- Modern relevance with HR safeguards
Q2. Compare the administrative ideas of Taylor and Fayol.
Answer Framework:
- Taylor – shop floor, worker-level efficiency
- Fayol – top management and organisational functions
- Taylor focused on methods; Fayol on principles
- Common objective: administrative efficiency
- Use comparative table for high marks
Q3. Examine Henri Fayol’s contribution to administrative theory.
Answer Framework:
- Administration as a universal process
- 14 principles of management
- POSDCORB functional approach
- Contribution to systematic administrative study
- Criticism: rigidity and lack of flexibility
Q4. “Weber’s model of bureaucracy is technically superior but socially weak.” Discuss.
Answer Framework:
- Key features: hierarchy, rules, impersonality, merit
- Technical superiority: efficiency, predictability
- Social weaknesses: rigidity, red-tapism, alienation
- Indian administrative experience
- Need for flexibility and human orientation
Q5. Is bureaucracy inevitable in modern administration? Discuss with reference to Weber.
Answer Framework:
- Complexity of modern welfare state
- Need for rules, hierarchy, specialisation
- Weber’s justification for bureaucracy
- Dysfunctions and reform measures
- Move towards post-bureaucratic models
Prepared by Shaktimatha Learning
Thinkers → Compare → Criticise → Score High
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